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ジェンダー、ブラックホール、スポーツ演劇:交錯する視座」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The interplay between seemingly disparate fields often yields profound insights. This essay explores the unexpected connections between gender studies, the physics of black holes, and the performative nature of sports drama. Consider, firstly, the concept of the event horizon in a black hole, a point of no return beyond which gravity's pull is insurmountable. This can be metaphorically linked to societal structures that confine individuals, particularly women, within restrictive gender roles. The escape from such constraints mirrors the theoretical impossibility of escaping a black hole's gravitational pull – a daunting, yet not entirely insurmountable, challenge. Secondly, we move to the world of sports drama. The theatricality of sports, whether it's the carefully choreographed celebrations or the narratives built around individual athletes, is undeniable. However, the gendered narratives surrounding athletes often reinforce existing power imbalances. Female athletes frequently face different standards of evaluation than their male counterparts, subjected to scrutiny based on appearance and often marginalized in media coverage. This creates a subtle yet powerful 'event horizon' of sorts, limiting their visibility and opportunities. Finally, let's examine the intersection of gender studies and the theoretical construct of black holes. The intense gravitational pull of a black hole distorts spacetime, warping our understanding of reality. Similarly, gender stereotypes and societal expectations distort our perceptions of individuals, shaping our understanding of their capabilities and potential. Breaking free from these preconceived notions requires a conscious effort to challenge established norms and embrace diverse perspectives. This parallels the scientific community’s ongoing attempts to unravel the mysteries of black holes, highlighting the complexity and challenges inherent in both endeavors. The exploration of these seemingly unconnected fields – gender studies, the physics of black holes, and the performative aspects of sports – unveils a shared theme of boundaries and limitations. Whether it's the physical limitations of a black hole, the societal constraints placed on individuals based on gender, or the limited representations of female athletes in sports media, understanding these boundaries is crucial for progress. Challenging these limitations, both literally and metaphorically, requires a fundamental shift in perspective and a commitment to embracing inclusivity and challenging established norms.

1. According to the passage, what is a common thread connecting gender studies, black holes, and sports drama?

2. The metaphor of a black hole's event horizon is used in the passage to illustrate:

3. What is the author's main purpose in exploring the connections between seemingly disparate fields?

4. The passage suggests that challenging limitations in gender representation in sports requires: