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医療文化、情報源、そして気候変動:グローバルヘルスの課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The interplay between medical culture, information access, and climate change presents a complex challenge to global health. Traditional healthcare systems, often deeply rooted in cultural practices, may struggle to adapt to the novel health threats emerging from a changing climate. For instance, in many rural communities with limited access to modern medicine, reliance on traditional healing practices persists. These practices, while often effective for common ailments, may lack the sophistication to address climate-change related diseases such as vector-borne illnesses or malnutrition. The spread of misinformation regarding these diseases, exacerbated by limited access to reliable information sources like the internet and credible health professionals, further complicates the issue. In such contexts, social media can act as both a boon and a bane – a source of rapid information dissemination, but also a breeding ground for unsubstantiated claims and conspiracy theories concerning the origins and treatments of these diseases. Furthermore, climate change itself impacts access to healthcare. Extreme weather events can damage or destroy healthcare infrastructure, disrupting the delivery of essential medical services and exacerbating existing inequalities. The displacement of populations due to rising sea levels or extreme droughts can overwhelm healthcare systems in receiving areas, stretching resources thin and hindering effective responses to outbreaks of infectious diseases. These events also disproportionately impact vulnerable populations, often those with pre-existing health conditions or limited access to healthcare, creating a vicious cycle of health inequities. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach. It necessitates strengthening healthcare infrastructure to withstand the impacts of climate change, improving access to reliable health information through community education and digital literacy programs, and fostering collaborations between traditional healers and modern healthcare professionals. Furthermore, promoting media literacy and critical thinking skills is crucial to counter the spread of misinformation. Ultimately, achieving global health equity in the face of a changing climate demands a holistic understanding of the intricate interplay between culture, information, and environmental change.

1. According to the passage, what is a major obstacle to effective healthcare in rural communities facing climate change?

2. What role does social media play in the context of climate-change related health issues, as discussed in the passage?

3. The passage suggests that addressing the challenges of climate change and healthcare requires which of the following approaches?

4. What is a significant consequence of extreme weather events on healthcare systems, according to the passage?