ENGLISH MEBY

看護師不足とファッション経済効果とジェンダーアイデンティティ」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The chronic shortage of nurses in Japan is a pressing issue, impacting healthcare quality and patient well-being. While various factors contribute to this crisis, the intersection of economic pressures, gender identity, and professional image deserves closer examination. The traditional image of a nurse, often depicted in a simple, functional uniform, has been slowly evolving. However, this evolution is far from uniform, and the associated economic consequences for nurses and the fashion industry are complex and far-reaching. The fashion industry has long thrived on shaping professional aesthetics. Doctors, lawyers, and even chefs have seen their uniforms evolve, reflecting changing societal values and professional aspirations. The nursing profession, however, has lagged behind. While some hospitals are starting to offer more stylish, comfortable, and gender-neutral uniform options, the reality is that many nurses still wear outdated and restrictive uniforms, which can be both uncomfortable and negatively impact their sense of self. This lack of investment in professional attire reflects a deeper issue: the undervaluation of the nursing profession itself, linked to deeply ingrained gender stereotypes. Historically, nursing has been largely associated with women, perpetuating an image of caregiving as a primarily feminine occupation. This gendered perception often leads to lower pay, limited career advancement opportunities, and a general lack of appreciation for the demanding and highly skilled work that nurses perform. Furthermore, the financial constraints faced by many nurses, coupled with a lack of choice in uniforms, limit their ability to express their individual style and identity through clothing. This can contribute to feelings of deprofessionalization and frustration, potentially exacerbating the existing nursing shortage. In contrast, the fashion industry has experienced a boom in recent years, driven partly by increased consumer spending and the growing influence of social media. This disparity highlights the irony that while society values fashion and individual expression in many other professions, nurses, a vital part of the healthcare system, are often overlooked. If hospitals were to invest in more modern and stylish uniforms, it could not only boost morale among nurses but also potentially stimulate the fashion economy, offering new markets and design opportunities. This initiative could be presented as a socially responsible investment which helps to ameliorate the nurse shortage by improving professional well-being and job satisfaction. Ultimately, addressing the nurse shortage requires a multi-faceted approach. Improving pay and working conditions is crucial, but acknowledging the impact of gender stereotypes and professional image on nurses' well-being is equally important. By acknowledging the symbiotic relationship between the nursing profession and the fashion industry, we can potentially address the shortage, while simultaneously fostering economic growth and empowering nurses to reclaim their professional identities.

1. According to the passage, what is one of the primary factors contributing to the nursing shortage in Japan?

2. The passage suggests that investing in more stylish and comfortable nursing uniforms could have which of the following effects?

3. What is the central irony highlighted in the passage regarding the fashion industry and the nursing profession?

4. What is the author's overall perspective on the relationship between fashion, gender, and the nursing shortage?