ENGLISH MEBY

社会変動と人種、そしてゲーム:デジタル時代のアイデンティティ」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The rapid advancement of technology, particularly in the realm of video games, has profoundly impacted societal structures and perceptions of race and identity. While initially criticized for perpetuating harmful stereotypes, video games are increasingly being utilized as tools for social change and promoting inclusivity. This evolution reflects broader societal shifts in understanding and addressing issues of race and representation. Historically, many games lacked diverse representation, reinforcing existing societal biases. Characters were often overwhelmingly white, male, and conforming to traditional gender roles. This limited representation not only reflected but also arguably strengthened existing societal inequalities. The lack of diverse characters could create feelings of exclusion for players who did not see themselves represented, reinforcing a sense of ‘otherness’ and limiting their engagement with the game's narrative and community. However, this landscape is shifting. Independent developers and larger studios alike are increasingly conscious of the need for greater diversity and representation in their games. This involves not just creating characters of different ethnicities and genders but also crafting narratives that explore complex issues of race and identity in a nuanced and thoughtful manner. Games are now being designed to actively challenge harmful stereotypes and foster empathy and understanding across different cultural backgrounds. Furthermore, the online multiplayer aspects of many contemporary games create unique opportunities for intercultural exchange. Players from diverse backgrounds interact within virtual worlds, often negotiating cultural differences and building relationships that transcend geographical boundaries. These virtual interactions can foster intercultural understanding and challenge preconceived notions about race and culture. However, these online spaces are also vulnerable to hate speech and discrimination, highlighting the ongoing need for robust moderation and community building initiatives. The use of video games in promoting social change is not without its limitations. Concerns remain regarding the potential for superficial representation, the risk of tokenism, and the challenge of creating truly authentic and representative narratives. Nonetheless, the potential of video games to foster empathy, promote inclusivity, and stimulate dialogue about important societal issues is undeniable, representing a powerful new tool in the ongoing struggle for social justice and equality.

1. According to the passage, what was a significant issue with early video game representation?

2. How are contemporary video games attempting to address past shortcomings in representation?

3. What potential benefit of online multiplayer games is discussed in the passage?

4. What is a limitation of using video games to promote social change, as acknowledged in the passage?