ENGLISH MEBY

家族、ファッション産業、そして環境:複雑に絡み合う現代社会の課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The intricate relationship between family dynamics, the fashion industry, and environmental pollution is a complex issue demanding careful consideration. Families, often the foundation of society, are deeply affected by the fashion industry's practices. The relentless pursuit of trends, fueled by advertising and social media, puts immense pressure on individuals, particularly women and young people, to conform to ever-changing aesthetic standards. This pressure frequently leads to overconsumption. Individuals feel compelled to purchase new clothing regularly, contributing to the enormous waste generated by the fast fashion industry. Mountains of discarded textiles pollute landfills worldwide, releasing harmful greenhouse gases and toxins into the environment. Furthermore, the production process itself is often environmentally damaging, relying heavily on resource-intensive materials, polluting chemicals, and unsustainable practices. The fashion industry's global supply chains are also implicated. The search for the cheapest production costs often drives manufacturing to developing countries, where workers, including many women and children, face exploitative labor conditions and low wages. These conditions can have profound impacts on family structures, as they force family members to prioritize economic survival over other crucial aspects of family life, such as education or healthcare. The resulting social inequalities exacerbate the existing challenges faced by families in these regions. However, a growing awareness of these issues is leading to positive change. Consumers are increasingly demanding transparency and ethical practices from fashion brands. The rise of sustainable fashion initiatives, such as upcycling and conscious consumption, represents a significant shift towards a more environmentally responsible approach. Families are also becoming increasingly active in promoting sustainable practices, prioritizing quality over quantity and opting for durable, ethically sourced clothing. Ultimately, addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by the intersection of family, fashion, and the environment necessitates a collective effort. This includes governmental regulations, corporate social responsibility, and a fundamental shift in consumer behavior. By fostering a sense of collective responsibility and promoting sustainable alternatives, we can work towards a future where both families and the planet can thrive.

1. According to the passage, what is one of the main reasons for the overconsumption of clothing?

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a negative consequence of the fashion industry's practices?

3. What is the author's overall tone regarding the future of the fashion industry and its relationship with families and the environment?

4. The phrase "conscious consumption" in the passage refers to: