ENGLISH MEBY

経済政策と避難誘導と生態系分類:持続可能な社会への道筋」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The intricate interplay between economic policy, disaster preparedness, and ecological classification presents a significant challenge in building sustainable societies. Effective economic policies must consider not only immediate growth but also long-term resilience in the face of natural disasters. This necessitates a nuanced understanding of ecological vulnerabilities and the development of robust evacuation strategies. Consider a coastal region heavily reliant on tourism. A booming economy fueled by tourism might mask the underlying fragility of the ecosystem, particularly its susceptibility to rising sea levels and extreme weather events. Short-sighted economic policies prioritizing immediate profits over environmental protection could lead to inadequate infrastructure and insufficient evacuation planning, resulting in devastating consequences during natural disasters. The economic fallout from such events would far outweigh any short-term gains. Ecological classification plays a crucial role in identifying high-risk areas. Detailed mapping of ecosystems, including their sensitivity to various hazards, is fundamental for informed decision-making. This data informs evacuation plans, land-use regulations, and investment in disaster-resistant infrastructure. For example, a precise classification of mangrove forests and their protective function allows for better coastal zone management and minimizes the impact of storm surges. Ignoring such ecological classifications can lead to misallocation of resources and increased vulnerability to future disasters. Furthermore, the effectiveness of evacuation strategies hinges on clear communication, community participation, and accessible infrastructure. Well-designed evacuation routes and shelters, coupled with effective warning systems, are essential for minimizing loss of life and property. These measures must account for diverse socioeconomic factors and cater to the needs of vulnerable populations, such as the elderly and disabled. Effective evacuation relies not only on efficient planning but also on strong community engagement and trust in authorities. Failure in any of these aspects can lead to chaos and increased casualties during emergencies. In conclusion, sustainable development requires a holistic approach that integrates economic considerations, comprehensive disaster preparedness, and accurate ecological classification. Ignoring any of these elements risks undermining the long-term sustainability of a community and its environment. Only through a synergistic approach that prioritizes both economic growth and environmental resilience can we hope to build truly sustainable societies.

1. According to the passage, what is a potential consequence of prioritizing short-term economic gains over environmental protection in a coastal tourist region?

2. What is the significance of ecological classification in disaster preparedness?

3. What factors contribute to the effectiveness of evacuation strategies?

4. What is the main argument of the passage?