ENGLISH MEBY

測定番組、幼児体育、自動運転レベル:現代社会の進歩と課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The 21st century has witnessed remarkable advancements in various fields, from sophisticated measurement technologies to innovative approaches in early childhood education and the rapid development of autonomous driving systems. These seemingly disparate areas share a common thread: the pursuit of precision, efficiency, and safety. Consider the evolution of measurement programs. Early forms relied on rudimentary tools and subjective assessments. Today, highly accurate sensors and data analysis techniques allow for precise measurement of various physical phenomena, from the subtle shifts in Earth’s tectonic plates to the minuscule variations in atmospheric pressure. This precision extends beyond scientific research; it impacts fields like healthcare, manufacturing, and even entertainment, where the precision of timing and data recording in televised sporting events is paramount. In the realm of early childhood physical education, a shift is occurring from traditional play-based activities to more structured programs emphasizing measurable developmental milestones. This approach often involves sophisticated assessment tools to track children's progress in areas like motor skills, coordination, and balance. The aim is not merely to improve children's physical fitness but also to detect potential developmental delays early on, enabling timely intervention and maximizing their developmental potential. This move towards quantification necessitates a careful consideration of ethical implications, ensuring these measures are used responsibly and do not inadvertently pressure young children. Finally, the progress of autonomous driving technology is inextricably linked to the accuracy and reliability of sensor data. These vehicles employ a complex suite of sensors – lidar, radar, cameras – generating vast quantities of data that are processed by sophisticated algorithms to create a real-time three-dimensional map of the vehicle’s surroundings. The level of autonomy, categorized from Level 0 (no automation) to Level 5 (full automation), is directly correlated to the system’s ability to reliably interpret this data and make safe decisions. The development of safe and reliable autonomous vehicles presents immense challenges and requires ongoing advancements in both hardware and software, along with comprehensive testing and regulatory frameworks. The ethical considerations surrounding accident liability and job displacement are also crucial aspects of this technological advancement. The advancements in measurement, early childhood education, and autonomous driving systems, while distinct, highlight a broader trend: the increasing reliance on data-driven decision-making and the imperative to balance technological progress with ethical responsibility. Each field must navigate the complexities of technological advancement, ensuring its benefits are harnessed while mitigating potential risks.

1. What is the main point of the passage?

2. According to the passage, what is a significant shift occurring in early childhood physical education?

3. What is the primary factor determining the level of autonomy in autonomous driving systems?

4. What ethical concerns are raised regarding autonomous driving technology?