ENGLISH MEBY

尊厳死、乱獲、プライバシー権:現代社会の葛藤」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The 21st century presents a complex interplay of ethical dilemmas, technological advancements, and evolving societal norms. Consider three seemingly disparate issues: the right to die with dignity, the unsustainable practice of overfishing, and the erosion of individual privacy in the digital age. While seemingly unrelated, these issues share a common thread: the tension between individual autonomy and the collective good. The right to die with dignity, or physician-assisted suicide, sparks passionate debate. Proponents emphasize individual autonomy and the right to control one’s own life and death, especially in cases of unbearable suffering. Opponents, however, raise concerns about the sanctity of life, potential for abuse, and the slippery slope towards involuntary euthanasia. The challenge lies in establishing clear guidelines that respect both individual wishes and societal values. Overfishing, a global environmental crisis, highlights the conflict between individual economic gain and the preservation of shared resources. Fishermen, often driven by economic necessity, deplete fish stocks at unsustainable rates, threatening biodiversity and the livelihoods of coastal communities dependent on fishing. International regulations and sustainable fishing practices are crucial, but enforcement remains challenging, demanding a delicate balance between economic realities and environmental protection. Finally, the digital age has ushered in unprecedented advancements, but it has also eroded privacy. The collection and use of personal data by corporations and governments raise significant ethical concerns. While data analysis can improve services and enhance security, the potential for surveillance, discrimination, and manipulation poses a grave threat to individual autonomy and freedom. Striking a balance between the benefits of data usage and the protection of privacy is a critical challenge for policymakers and technologists. These three issues—dignity in death, resource depletion, and privacy—represent different facets of the same fundamental conflict: how to reconcile individual rights with collective responsibilities. Effective solutions require a nuanced understanding of both individual autonomy and the broader societal implications of individual choices. Open dialogue, ethical frameworks, and robust regulatory mechanisms are essential to navigate these complex challenges and create a more just and sustainable future.

1. According to the passage, what is the common thread connecting the right to die with dignity, overfishing, and the erosion of privacy?

2. The passage suggests that the debate surrounding physician-assisted suicide centers on:

3. Which of the following best describes the author's perspective on overfishing?

4. The passage implies that the challenge in addressing privacy concerns in the digital age lies in: