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職場環境、短期予報、そして社会学:現代社会の相互作用」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The interplay between workplace environment, short-term weather forecasts, and sociological perspectives offers a fascinating lens through which to examine contemporary society. Consider the impact of a sudden heatwave predicted by a short-term forecast. A construction site, for instance, might see reduced productivity due to worker discomfort and safety concerns. This seemingly simple meteorological event intersects with sociological factors: management's response (or lack thereof) to employee well-being, the existing power dynamics on the site, and the overall organizational culture all shape the outcome. A company with a strong emphasis on employee health might implement early dismissal or provide cooling measures, mitigating the impact. Conversely, a company with a more rigid, productivity-driven culture might prioritize project deadlines over worker comfort, potentially leading to increased stress and even health risks. This scenario extends beyond the physical workplace. Short-term weather forecasts influence various aspects of daily life, from commuting patterns to consumer spending. Sociologists can analyze how these forecasts shape individual behaviors and social interactions. For example, an unexpected snowstorm might lead to increased social solidarity as neighbors help each other clear sidewalks, yet simultaneously exacerbate existing inequalities as those without adequate transportation or resources are disproportionately affected. Further, the accuracy (or inaccuracy) of these forecasts and the subsequent public trust (or distrust) in meteorological institutions have sociological implications. The communication of weather information, its interpretation, and its ultimate influence on social behavior are complex processes embedded within broader social contexts. Therefore, understanding the connections between workplace environments, short-term weather forecasts, and sociological analyses allows us to gain a deeper appreciation of how seemingly disparate elements intertwine to affect individual experiences and broader social structures. The seemingly mundane act of checking the weather forecast takes on a significant sociological dimension, highlighting the intricate relationship between nature, technology, and human behavior in modern society.

1. According to the passage, how does a company's culture influence the impact of a heatwave on its employees?

2. What sociological aspect is highlighted by the example of a snowstorm?

3. What is the main argument of the passage?

4. Which of the following is NOT explicitly mentioned in the passage as a factor influencing the impact of a heatwave on a construction site?