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垂直農法、情報戦、そして医療費高騰:複雑に絡み合う現代社会の課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The escalating costs of healthcare are a global concern, placing immense strain on national budgets and individual citizens alike. While advancements in medical technology offer hope, they often come with a hefty price tag. This financial burden is exacerbated by several interconnected factors, including the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and an aging population. However, a less obvious contributor to this crisis lies in the realm of food production and information warfare. Vertical farming, the practice of cultivating crops in vertically stacked layers, presents a potential solution to food security and sustainability. It promises increased efficiency, reduced land usage, and decreased reliance on pesticides and herbicides. Yet, the implementation of this technology faces various hurdles. High initial investment costs deter many farmers, particularly smaller operations. Furthermore, the energy consumption of vertical farms can be substantial, raising concerns about environmental impact. The information landscape also plays a crucial role. The spread of misinformation and disinformation regarding health and nutrition, often fueled by vested interests, can significantly impact healthcare costs. For example, false claims about miracle cures or the ineffectiveness of proven treatments can lead to delayed diagnoses, ineffective treatments, and ultimately, increased healthcare spending. This deliberate spread of false information represents a form of information warfare, undermining public health efforts and increasing the overall burden on healthcare systems. The interplay between these seemingly disparate areas – vertical farming, information warfare, and healthcare costs – highlights the complexity of modern challenges. Technological advancements offer potential solutions, but their adoption is hindered by economic barriers and the manipulation of information. Ultimately, addressing the rising cost of healthcare requires a multi-faceted approach that tackles not only medical advancements but also the underlying socio-economic factors and the ongoing battle against misinformation.

1. What is the primary factor contributing to the increasing cost of healthcare, according to the passage?

2. How does vertical farming potentially contribute to reducing healthcare costs?

3. What role does "information warfare" play in the context of healthcare costs?

4. Which of the following best describes the author's perspective on the relationship between vertical farming, information warfare, and healthcare costs?