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惑星探査、説明責任、そして情報化格差」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The recent surge in space exploration, driven by both governmental agencies and private companies, presents a paradox. While humanity’s reach extends further into the cosmos than ever before, questions of accountability and equitable access to information regarding these endeavors remain largely unanswered. Consider the vast amounts of data generated by probes sent to Mars or telescopes peering into deep space. This data, potentially offering unprecedented insights into the origins of our solar system and the universe itself, is often held within a relatively small circle of researchers and institutions. This creates a significant information gap. While stunning images and occasional press releases offer glimpses into these projects, the raw data, complex analyses, and the scientific process itself often remain opaque to the general public. This opacity is further compounded by the increasingly global nature of space exploration, where international collaborations blur lines of responsibility and transparency. Who is accountable for ensuring data is shared openly and fairly? How do we ensure marginalized communities and developing nations aren't left behind in this new space race? Simply put, are the benefits of space exploration truly accessible to all of humanity? Furthermore, the cost of space exploration is substantial, often leading to debates about resource allocation. Is funding space research justified when pressing societal needs like poverty and climate change remain unaddressed? The argument isn’t against space exploration itself, but rather against the potential for neglecting urgent terrestrial concerns in favor of ambitious cosmic ventures. Therefore, a robust system of ethical guidelines and transparent data-sharing practices is crucial, not only to ensure scientific integrity but also to foster a sense of collective ownership and shared responsibility in these expensive, far-reaching endeavors. The future of space exploration hinges upon its capacity to be both scientifically rigorous and socially just.

1. What is the central paradox presented in the passage?

2. According to the passage, what contributes to the information gap regarding space exploration?

3. The passage suggests that a solution to the problem of information inequality requires:

4. Which of the following is NOT explicitly discussed in the passage as a challenge related to space exploration?