ENGLISH MEBY

災害リスクマネジメントと食品廃棄、そして細胞培養:食料安全保障への貢献」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The increasing frequency and intensity of natural disasters, coupled with growing global food waste and a burgeoning world population, pose significant challenges to food security. Effective disaster risk management is crucial in mitigating the impact of these events on food supply chains. Simultaneously, the staggering amount of food wasted annually represents a substantial loss of resources and contributes to environmental problems. Innovative solutions are needed to address both these issues. One promising avenue lies in cellular agriculture, the production of food products from animal cells in vitro. This technology offers the potential to reduce reliance on traditional animal agriculture, which is resource-intensive and susceptible to disruptions caused by natural disasters. Cultured meat, for example, requires less land and water than conventional livestock farming and is less vulnerable to outbreaks of disease or extreme weather events. Furthermore, it could significantly reduce food waste by precisely controlling production to meet demand, eliminating the need for large-scale stockpiling and reducing the likelihood of spoilage. However, challenges remain. The cost of producing cultured meat currently remains high, hindering widespread adoption. Consumer acceptance is another critical factor; many are hesitant to embrace products derived from cell cultures. Moreover, the environmental impact of cellular agriculture needs further scrutiny, considering the energy consumption involved in the process and potential waste generated. Despite these obstacles, ongoing research and development are constantly refining techniques and addressing concerns regarding scalability, sustainability, and consumer perception. Effective disaster risk management strategies must incorporate elements of food security planning. This includes establishing robust food storage and distribution systems, developing early warning systems to anticipate potential disruptions, and promoting diversification of food sources. Coupled with the potential of cellular agriculture to create resilient and sustainable food production systems, the prospect of enhanced food security in the face of escalating threats appears more promising. The integration of disaster preparedness, waste reduction initiatives, and advancements in cellular agriculture offers a multi-pronged approach to tackling this complex challenge.

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

2. According to the passage, how can cellular agriculture contribute to improved food security?

3. What is a significant challenge mentioned regarding the implementation of cellular agriculture?

4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a component of effective disaster risk management strategies in relation to food security?