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量子アニーリング、賃金格差、防災対策:複雑系の最適化」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The advent of quantum annealing has opened new avenues for tackling complex optimization problems, impacting diverse fields from materials science to finance. While its applications in mitigating income inequality and enhancing disaster preparedness may seem less immediate, closer examination reveals intriguing possibilities. One area of potential application lies in resource allocation. Income inequality often stems from inefficient resource distribution. Quantum annealing, with its ability to efficiently search vast solution spaces, could optimize resource allocation models, potentially leading to fairer distribution of wealth and opportunities. By analyzing complex socio-economic data, including demographics, employment rates, and access to education and healthcare, quantum algorithms could identify optimal strategies for targeted interventions aimed at reducing income disparity. Similarly, disaster preparedness benefits greatly from efficient resource management. In the aftermath of a natural disaster, effective resource allocation is crucial for minimizing casualties and accelerating recovery. Quantum annealing can significantly improve the efficiency of disaster response logistics by optimizing the deployment of emergency personnel, supplies, and infrastructure repairs. Consider the challenge of coordinating rescue efforts across a wide-ranging disaster area – quantum algorithms can analyze real-time data on affected regions, available resources, and road conditions to determine the most effective routes and resource deployment strategies. However, the implementation of quantum annealing in these domains faces significant challenges. Data acquisition and processing for socio-economic modeling are complex undertakings, requiring large datasets and powerful computing infrastructure. Furthermore, the development of algorithms specifically tailored for these applications is an ongoing research area. Despite these challenges, the potential of quantum annealing to contribute to a more equitable and resilient society remains a promising area of exploration.

1. According to the passage, how might quantum annealing address income inequality?

2. Which of the following is NOT a challenge mentioned in the passage regarding the application of quantum annealing to socio-economic issues?

3. The passage suggests that the application of quantum annealing to disaster preparedness could improve:

4. What is the overall tone of the passage regarding the potential of quantum annealing in addressing complex societal challenges?