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再生医療、健康増進、多文化共生:未来への展望」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The 21st century presents humanity with unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Among the most pressing are advancements in regenerative medicine, the promotion of public health, and the fostering of multicultural societies. These three themes, while seemingly disparate, are intricately interwoven, shaping the future of human well-being. Regenerative medicine, with its potential to repair or replace damaged tissues and organs, offers revolutionary hope for treating currently incurable diseases. From stem cell therapies to tissue engineering, the field is rapidly evolving, promising breakthroughs in the treatment of conditions such as Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injuries, and heart failure. However, ethical considerations, high costs, and accessibility remain significant hurdles. The equitable distribution of these potentially life-altering treatments is crucial to prevent exacerbating existing health disparities. Simultaneously, promoting public health requires a multifaceted approach. This involves not only investing in preventative healthcare, such as vaccination programs and health education initiatives, but also addressing the social determinants of health. Factors like poverty, lack of access to nutritious food, and inadequate housing significantly impact health outcomes. A healthy society is one that addresses these inequalities, providing equitable access to quality healthcare for all its citizens, irrespective of their background. Furthermore, the increasing globalization of our world necessitates fostering inclusive multicultural societies. The benefits of diversity are numerous, encompassing economic growth, intellectual innovation, and a richer cultural tapestry. However, integrating diverse populations requires careful consideration of potential challenges, such as overcoming language barriers, addressing cultural misunderstandings, and promoting social cohesion. A truly inclusive society embraces its diversity, valuing the contributions of all its members and working to create a sense of belonging for everyone. The intersection of these three themes is undeniable. Investments in regenerative medicine must consider equitable access, directly linking to the goals of public health. A healthy and inclusive society is better equipped to support and benefit from advancements in medical technology. Conversely, a socially cohesive and diverse population is essential for driving innovation in the biomedical sciences and fostering the collaborative spirit needed for major scientific advancements. The future of well-being hinges on a holistic approach that addresses these interconnected challenges, creating a healthier, more equitable, and vibrant world for all.

1. What is the main argument presented in the passage?

2. According to the passage, what are some of the challenges associated with regenerative medicine?

3. How does the passage define a "healthy society"?

4. What role does multiculturalism play in the context of the passage's central argument?