ENGLISH MEBY

化石燃料、パブリックリレーションズ、そして遺伝子工学:複雑に絡み合う現代社会の課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The seemingly disparate fields of fossil fuels, public relations, and genetic engineering are, in reality, intricately intertwined in the tapestry of modern society. The extraction and utilization of fossil fuels, the lifeblood of industrial civilization for over a century, have profoundly shaped our world. However, this dependence comes at a steep environmental cost, contributing significantly to climate change and environmental degradation. Public relations (PR) plays a crucial, albeit often controversial, role in shaping public perception of these industries. Oil companies, for instance, have invested heavily in PR campaigns to manage their public image, often downplaying the environmental risks associated with their operations and emphasizing economic benefits. This manipulation of public opinion has, in turn, influenced government policies and public discourse surrounding environmental regulations and sustainability. Genetic engineering, meanwhile, offers both promising solutions and potential pitfalls in addressing the challenges posed by fossil fuel dependence. Scientists are exploring genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for biofuel production, aiming to create sustainable alternatives to traditional fossil fuels. However, the ethical considerations surrounding GMOs, including potential environmental risks and concerns about corporate control over food production, add layers of complexity to the issue. The interplay between these three areas is far from straightforward. The pursuit of profit often drives decisions in the fossil fuel industry, influencing PR strategies and even impacting the research and development of genetically engineered solutions. This intricate network of economic incentives, public perception, and scientific advancements highlights the need for critical analysis and responsible decision-making. A nuanced understanding of how these forces intersect is crucial for navigating the complex challenges facing our planet in the 21st century. Failure to do so may lead to irreversible environmental damage and exacerbate existing social inequalities.

1. According to the passage, what is the main role of public relations in the context of fossil fuel industries?

2. What is one potential application of genetic engineering mentioned in the passage that could address the challenges of fossil fuel dependence?

3. The passage suggests that the relationship between fossil fuels, public relations, and genetic engineering is:

4. What is a key takeaway from the passage regarding the need for navigating the challenges mentioned?