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金融、政治腐敗、そしてテクノロジー:現代社会の複雑な相互作用」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The intricate relationship between finance, political corruption, and technology presents a significant challenge to modern societies. Technological advancements, while offering unprecedented opportunities for economic growth and transparency, have also created new avenues for illicit activities. Consider, for example, the rise of cryptocurrencies. Their decentralized nature, while lauded for its potential to bypass traditional banking systems and empower individuals, also makes them attractive tools for money laundering and tax evasion. Political corruption further exacerbates these issues. Weak regulatory frameworks and a lack of accountability often allow corrupt officials to exploit technological loopholes for personal gain. This can range from manipulating financial markets to diverting public funds through complex offshore accounts, all facilitated by the anonymity afforded by certain technological platforms. The ease of transferring large sums of money across borders, enabled by technology, has made cross-border corruption significantly easier to perpetrate and more difficult to detect. The consequences of this convergence are far-reaching. It undermines public trust in institutions, erodes economic stability, and hinders sustainable development. International efforts to combat these issues are hampered by the global nature of these financial flows and the sophisticated techniques employed by those seeking to evade scrutiny. Furthermore, the rapid pace of technological innovation often outstrips the capacity of regulatory bodies to adapt, creating a persistent gap between technological advancement and regulatory oversight. However, technology is not solely a facilitator of corruption. It also offers powerful tools for detection and prevention. Blockchain technology, for instance, has the potential to enhance transparency in financial transactions. Advanced data analytics can help identify suspicious patterns and flag potentially corrupt activities. International cooperation and the strengthening of regulatory frameworks are crucial in harnessing the potential of technology to combat corruption effectively. This requires a global commitment to transparency, accountability, and the development of robust regulatory mechanisms that keep pace with technological innovation.

1. What is the primary challenge highlighted in the passage regarding the relationship between finance, political corruption, and technology?

2. According to the passage, what is a significant consequence of the convergence of finance, political corruption, and technology?

3. How does the passage portray the role of technology in relation to corruption?

4. What is crucial, according to the passage, for effectively harnessing technology to combat corruption?