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IoT政策、人種差別、海洋再生:複雑に絡み合う現代社会の課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The interconnectedness of seemingly disparate global issues is increasingly apparent in the 21st century. Consider, for instance, the complex interplay between IoT (Internet of Things) policies, racial bias, and ocean regeneration. IoT policies, while ostensibly aimed at technological advancement and economic growth, often exacerbate existing societal inequalities. The deployment of smart devices and data collection systems disproportionately benefits affluent communities, leaving marginalized populations behind. This digital divide can deepen pre-existing racial disparities in access to resources, opportunities, and essential services. For example, inadequate internet access in low-income, predominantly minority neighborhoods hinders participation in online education, healthcare, and job markets, perpetuating the cycle of poverty and discrimination. The algorithms underpinning these systems are not immune to bias either; data sets used to train AI may reflect existing societal prejudices, resulting in discriminatory outcomes. Furthermore, the environmental consequences of IoT technologies are far-reaching. The production and disposal of smart devices contribute significantly to electronic waste, a growing global problem with detrimental effects on marine ecosystems. Toxic materials from discarded electronics leach into oceans, harming marine life and potentially entering the food chain. Ironically, while IoT sensors could theoretically be used to monitor and mitigate ocean pollution, their widespread implementation without careful consideration of ethical and environmental implications could worsen the very problems they are designed to address. Ocean regeneration initiatives, crucial for combating climate change and preserving biodiversity, also face challenges related to resource allocation and equitable access. Funding for these projects often comes from governments and corporations, which may prioritize economically advantageous areas over those in need of the most urgent environmental remediation. This can lead to a situation where communities disproportionately affected by pollution are left to bear the burden without sufficient resources for effective remediation or adaptation. In essence, a holistic approach to ocean regeneration necessitates addressing the underlying issues of environmental justice and equitable distribution of resources. Therefore, understanding the interconnectedness of IoT policies, racial bias, and ocean regeneration requires a multifaceted analysis. It necessitates moving beyond a narrow focus on technological advancement to encompass social justice and environmental sustainability. Addressing these issues requires policy interventions that promote digital equity, prevent algorithmic bias, and prioritize environmental justice in the development and implementation of IoT technologies and ocean regeneration initiatives.

1. According to the passage, how do IoT policies contribute to racial inequality?

2. What is a significant environmental concern related to IoT technologies mentioned in the passage?

3. What is a key challenge faced by ocean regeneration initiatives, as discussed in the passage?

4. What is the main argument presented by the passage?