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データベース、美術市場、そして情報セキュリティ:デジタル時代の新たな課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The art market, once a realm of hushed deals and private transactions, is undergoing a dramatic transformation. The advent of sophisticated databases, offering unprecedented access to information on artists, artworks, and sales history, has revolutionized how art is valued, traded, and researched. These databases, however, present significant challenges regarding information security. The sensitive nature of the data – financial transactions, ownership records, and potentially even the location of valuable pieces – makes them prime targets for cyberattacks. A successful breach could have devastating consequences, from financial losses for collectors and institutions to the theft or destruction of irreplaceable artworks. Furthermore, the accessibility of these databases raises ethical considerations. While researchers benefit from the ability to analyze vast amounts of data to identify trends and patterns, concerns persist about the potential for misuse. For example, the information could be leveraged for fraud, money laundering, or even the illicit trafficking of stolen art. The complexity of securing such sensitive data is immense. Traditional security measures are often insufficient in the face of advanced cyber threats. Developing robust systems that balance data accessibility with security requires a multi-pronged approach, combining sophisticated encryption, strict access control, and constant monitoring for suspicious activity. This necessitates a collaboration between database developers, art market professionals, and cybersecurity experts. The future of the art market is inextricably linked to the secure and ethical utilization of these powerful databases. As the digital realm increasingly shapes the art world, addressing the challenges posed by information security will be crucial to maintaining the integrity and trustworthiness of this valuable sector.

1. According to the passage, what is a major challenge presented by the use of databases in the art market?

2. What ethical concerns are raised by the accessibility of art market databases?

3. What is the author's overall perspective on the future of the art market and its relationship with databases?

4. The passage suggests that securing art market databases requires: