ENGLISH MEBY

サステナブル建築、持続可能な農業、そしてプライバシー:三つの未来への道」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The 21st century presents humanity with unprecedented challenges. Climate change, resource depletion, and privacy concerns demand innovative solutions. This passage explores three interconnected areas crucial for a sustainable future: sustainable architecture, sustainable farming practices, and anonymization technologies. Sustainable architecture prioritizes environmentally friendly materials and energy-efficient designs. Buildings are increasingly constructed using recycled materials, minimizing waste and carbon emissions. Passive design strategies, such as maximizing natural light and ventilation, reduce reliance on artificial heating and cooling. Furthermore, the integration of renewable energy sources, like solar panels and wind turbines, reduces a building’s carbon footprint significantly. The aim is to create structures that coexist harmoniously with their environment, minimizing their impact on ecosystems. Sustainable farming practices focus on enhancing soil health, biodiversity, and water conservation. Precision agriculture, utilizing technology like GPS and sensors, optimizes resource use and minimizes environmental damage. Crop rotation prevents soil depletion, while integrated pest management reduces the need for harmful pesticides. Furthermore, the adoption of organic farming methods reduces reliance on synthetic fertilizers and promotes biodiversity. The goal is to produce food in a way that sustains both the environment and human well-being. Anonymization technologies are essential for protecting personal data in the digital age. These techniques involve removing or altering identifying information while retaining the data’s utility for research or other purposes. Differential privacy, for example, adds carefully calibrated noise to datasets, preventing the identification of individual subjects while preserving statistical properties. Blockchain technology offers a secure and transparent way to manage data, enhancing its integrity and preventing unauthorized access. The ethical implications of anonymization must be carefully considered to strike a balance between data security and legitimate uses of information. These three areas—sustainable architecture, sustainable farming, and anonymization technologies—are deeply interconnected. Sustainable buildings rely on materials and energy produced sustainably. Sustainable agriculture benefits from anonymization technologies to protect sensitive data related to farming practices and supply chains. Protecting farmers’ privacy ensures the open sharing of best practices, contributing to a more sustainable food system. Addressing these interconnected challenges is critical for creating a truly sustainable and equitable future.

1. According to the passage, what is a key characteristic of sustainable architecture?

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a sustainable farming practice?

3. The passage suggests that anonymization technologies are important for:

4. What is the main idea of the passage?