ENGLISH MEBY

環境政策、光化学スモッグ、そしてブランドイメージ」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The relentless pursuit of economic growth often overshadows the detrimental effects on the environment. Nowhere is this clearer than in the case of photochemical smog, a pervasive air pollution problem plaguing many rapidly developing urban centers. The formation of photochemical smog is a complex process involving sunlight, nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted primarily from vehicles and industrial sources, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from various sources including paint, solvents, and even certain plants. This mixture creates a hazardous cocktail of pollutants, including ozone, which significantly impacts public health. Governments worldwide have implemented various policies to combat photochemical smog. These range from stricter emission standards for vehicles, promoting the use of public transportation, and investing in cleaner energy sources to regulating industrial emissions and even imposing restrictions on certain activities during periods of high pollution. However, the effectiveness of these policies varies greatly depending on factors such as the level of enforcement, public awareness, and economic constraints. Moreover, the long-term success of any environmental policy depends heavily on the sustained commitment of governments and the cooperation of the populace. The phenomenon of photochemical smog also presents unique challenges for businesses and brands. Companies producing vehicles or using VOCs in their manufacturing processes are often under pressure to reduce their environmental footprint. Consumers are increasingly environmentally conscious and favor brands demonstrating a clear commitment to sustainability. Therefore, corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, which include efforts to reduce emissions and promote environmental protection, have become increasingly vital for building and maintaining a positive brand image. A brand's reputation can be significantly harmed if linked to environmental damage or perceived as irresponsible towards sustainability. In contrast, companies that prioritize environmental protection often enjoy increased consumer trust and brand loyalty, ultimately leading to enhanced profitability. This suggests that businesses need to integrate environmental considerations into their core business strategies, moving beyond merely reactive compliance with regulations towards proactive sustainability initiatives. Ultimately, tackling the challenges posed by photochemical smog requires a multifaceted approach. It necessitates effective government policies, public awareness campaigns, corporate social responsibility, and consumer demand for sustainable products and practices. Only through collective action can we hope to achieve a future free from the harmful effects of air pollution and safeguard the environment for generations to come.

1. According to the passage, what is the primary cause of photochemical smog?

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a governmental strategy to combat photochemical smog?

3. How does photochemical smog affect businesses and brands?

4. What is the significance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the context of photochemical smog?

5. The passage suggests that solving the problem of photochemical smog requires: