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インターネット時代の政治集会:民主主義の深化と課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The advent of the internet has profoundly reshaped the landscape of political gatherings and public discourse. Historically, political rallies and meetings were largely confined to physical spaces, limiting participation to those geographically proximate. However, the rise of online platforms has democratized political engagement, enabling individuals across geographical boundaries to participate in discussions, organize events, and express their views. This digital revolution has facilitated the formation of online communities centered around specific political ideologies or candidates, fostering a sense of belonging and collective action. However, this increased accessibility also presents significant challenges. The spread of misinformation and disinformation online poses a considerable threat to informed political participation. The ease with which false or misleading information can be disseminated can manipulate public opinion and undermine democratic processes. Furthermore, the anonymity afforded by the internet can embolden hateful speech and harassment, chilling open and respectful political dialogue. Algorithmic curation on social media platforms can create echo chambers, reinforcing existing biases and limiting exposure to diverse perspectives. This can lead to political polarization and hinder constructive debate. The impact of the internet on political mobilization is complex and multifaceted. While it offers unparalleled opportunities for civic engagement and grassroots activism, it simultaneously exposes vulnerabilities to manipulation and division. The challenge lies in harnessing the positive aspects of online political participation while mitigating the risks associated with misinformation, hate speech, and algorithmic biases. This requires a multi-pronged approach involving media literacy education, platform accountability, and the development of robust fact-checking mechanisms. Ultimately, the future of democratic participation in the digital age hinges on our ability to navigate these complexities responsibly and effectively.

1. According to the passage, what is a significant challenge presented by the increased accessibility of online political engagement?

2. What is one way the passage suggests to mitigate the risks associated with online political participation?

3. The passage suggests that algorithmic curation on social media can lead to:

4. Which of the following best describes the author's overall perspective on the internet's impact on political participation?