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温暖化対策、宇宙法、文化継承:人類の未来への挑戦」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The 21st century presents humanity with unprecedented challenges, demanding innovative solutions at the intersection of seemingly disparate fields. Consider the intricate interplay between climate change mitigation, space law, and cultural preservation. Climate change, driven by greenhouse gas emissions, poses an existential threat. Rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and disruptions to ecosystems demand immediate and drastic action. International cooperation is crucial, requiring legally binding agreements and effective mechanisms for enforcement. This necessitates a robust framework of international law, including the refinement and expansion of existing space law. Space, often viewed as the final frontier, holds potential solutions to some of Earth's problems. The development of space-based solar power, for example, could significantly reduce reliance on fossil fuels. However, the exploitation of space resources raises complex legal questions. The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 establishes principles of peaceful exploration, but ambiguities remain regarding resource extraction and the privatization of space. The development of clear and comprehensive space law is paramount to prevent conflicts and ensure sustainable utilization of space resources. Simultaneously, the impacts of climate change disproportionately affect vulnerable populations and threaten cultural heritage sites around the globe. Rising sea levels endanger coastal communities and historical landmarks. Extreme weather events can destroy irreplaceable artifacts and cultural landscapes. Protecting cultural heritage is not merely about preserving the past; it is essential for maintaining cultural diversity, fostering identity, and promoting sustainable development. Integrating cultural preservation into climate change mitigation strategies is therefore critical. The interwoven nature of these challenges requires a holistic approach. International collaborations involving scientists, policymakers, legal experts, and cultural institutions are vital. This requires navigating complex legal and ethical considerations while promoting sustainable practices and ensuring equitable distribution of benefits. The future of humanity depends on our ability to forge a path that balances technological advancement with environmental responsibility and cultural preservation.

1. What is the central argument of the passage?

2. According to the passage, what is one potential benefit of space exploration in addressing climate change?

3. Why is cultural preservation considered essential in the context of climate change?

4. What is a key ambiguity mentioned in the passage regarding space law?

5. What kind of approach is advocated for addressing the interconnected challenges discussed in the passage?