ENGLISH MEBY

生態系サービス、量子コンピューティング、そして女性の活躍:持続可能な未来への道筋」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The 21st century presents humanity with unprecedented challenges, demanding innovative solutions at the intersection of diverse fields. Consider the interconnectedness of ecosystem services, the burgeoning field of quantum computing, and the crucial role of women in driving progress. Ecosystem services, the myriad benefits humans derive from the natural world – clean air and water, pollination, climate regulation – are under increasing pressure from human activity. Deforestation, pollution, and climate change threaten the delicate balance of these vital services, jeopardizing human well-being and economic stability. Simultaneously, quantum computing, with its potential to revolutionize various sectors, offers a powerful tool for tackling these very challenges. Its immense computational power could be harnessed to model complex ecological systems, predict the impacts of climate change with greater accuracy, and design more sustainable solutions. For example, quantum algorithms could optimize resource management, leading to more efficient use of water and energy, and facilitating the development of renewable energy sources. However, realizing the full potential of quantum computing, or indeed any technological advancement, requires diverse perspectives and talent. The underrepresentation of women in STEM fields – Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics – is a significant barrier to innovation. Promoting gender equality and empowering women to pursue careers in these fields is not simply a matter of social justice; it is a crucial factor in achieving scientific breakthroughs and fostering economic growth. The Women's Empowerment Principles, adopted by many governments and organizations, underscore the importance of women's leadership in sustainable development. This necessitates proactive measures, including targeted educational programs, mentorship initiatives, and policies promoting work-life balance, to create an inclusive environment where women can thrive. Therefore, the synergistic relationship between these seemingly disparate fields is undeniable. Addressing the challenges facing ecosystem services necessitates the development of sophisticated modeling and prediction techniques, achievable through advancements in quantum computing. Furthermore, the success of this endeavor depends critically on the full participation of women, whose talents and perspectives are essential to navigate the complexities of these challenges and build a truly sustainable future. The path forward demands collaborative efforts across disciplines and a concerted commitment to gender equality, recognizing that progress in one area inextricably supports advancement in others.

1. According to the passage, what is a major obstacle to fully utilizing the potential of quantum computing?

2. Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between ecosystem services and quantum computing, as presented in the passage?

3. What is the main argument of the passage regarding women's role in addressing the challenges mentioned?

4. The passage suggests that achieving sustainable development requires: