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賃金格差、紛争解決、そして高校進学率:社会構造と教育の連関」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The widening income gap in modern societies presents a complex challenge with far-reaching consequences. This disparity not only fuels social unrest and conflict but also significantly impacts educational attainment, particularly affecting high school graduation rates. Research suggests a strong correlation between socioeconomic status and academic success. Children from low-income families often face numerous obstacles, including limited access to quality education, inadequate healthcare, and nutritional deficiencies, hindering their ability to thrive academically. Furthermore, families struggling financially may prioritize immediate needs over long-term educational investments. This can manifest as reduced access to extracurricular activities, tutoring, or even basic learning resources at home. The stress associated with financial insecurity can also negatively impact a student's focus and academic performance. Consequently, students from disadvantaged backgrounds are disproportionately likely to drop out of high school, perpetuating the cycle of poverty and inequality. Effective conflict resolution mechanisms are crucial in mitigating the social tensions arising from income inequality. Addressing the root causes of the wage gap, such as systemic discrimination and lack of equal opportunities, is paramount. Policies promoting fair wages, affordable housing, and accessible healthcare can create a more equitable environment. However, simply addressing economic disparity is insufficient; investment in education, particularly at the secondary level, is equally vital. Targeted interventions, such as scholarships, mentorship programs, and after-school support, can help level the playing field and improve high school graduation rates for students from low-income backgrounds. The relationship between income inequality, conflict resolution, and high school graduation rates is intricate and multifaceted. It highlights the interconnectedness of social, economic, and educational systems. A comprehensive approach that tackles both the economic and educational dimensions is necessary to build a more just and equitable society where every individual has the opportunity to succeed, regardless of their socioeconomic circumstances.

1. Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to lower high school graduation rates among students from low-income families, according to the passage?

2. The passage emphasizes the importance of which approach to address the interconnected issues discussed?

3. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?

4. According to the passage, how does financial insecurity affect students' academic performance?