ENGLISH MEBY

廃棄物処理、自動運転、そして国家主権:技術革新と国際関係」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The proliferation of autonomous vehicles and advancements in waste management technology are reshaping global landscapes in unexpected ways. While seemingly disparate fields, these innovations intersect significantly, particularly concerning national sovereignty. The efficient disposal of waste, a critical component of public health and environmental sustainability, is often intertwined with complex geopolitical considerations. For instance, the export of electronic waste to developing nations, a practice often criticized for its environmental and social injustices, highlights the challenges in balancing economic interests with international environmental regulations. Autonomous vehicles, meanwhile, represent a new frontier in transportation and logistics. Their potential to revolutionize supply chains, including the transport of both recyclable materials and hazardous waste, is undeniable. However, the implications for national security and border control are far-reaching. Questions arise concerning data security, the potential for autonomous vehicles to be weaponized, and the challenges of regulating cross-border autonomous transport. Furthermore, the development and deployment of such technology is uneven across nations, potentially exacerbating existing global power imbalances. Consider, for example, the implications of a nation's dependence on foreign technology for its waste management infrastructure. A disruption in the supply chain, whether caused by natural disaster, political instability, or deliberate sabotage, could severely impact the nation's ability to maintain essential public services. Similarly, reliance on foreign-developed autonomous vehicles for critical logistics could leave a nation vulnerable to technological coercion or even manipulation. The development of robust domestic capabilities in both waste management and autonomous vehicle technology is thus crucial for maintaining national sovereignty and resilience in an increasingly interconnected world. The interplay between these technologies and national security is further complicated by the rise of cyber warfare. The interconnected nature of modern systems makes both waste management facilities and autonomous vehicle fleets vulnerable to cyberattacks, potentially disrupting essential services and causing widespread damage. Protecting critical infrastructure from such threats requires international cooperation and the establishment of robust cybersecurity protocols, a challenge that demands nuanced understanding of both technological and geopolitical realities.

1. What is the central theme explored in the passage?

2. According to the passage, what is a significant concern regarding the use of autonomous vehicles?

3. How does the passage portray the relationship between national sovereignty and technological dependence?

4. What does the passage suggest is necessary to address the cybersecurity challenges related to these technologies?