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水資源、写真技術、暗号化技術:三位一体の課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The arid lands of northern Kenya, once vibrant with nomadic life, now bear the scars of prolonged drought. Photographer Anya Petrova, driven by a deep concern for environmental justice, documented the devastating impact of dwindling water resources on local communities. Her photographs, stark yet emotionally resonant, captured the desperation of families trekking miles for scarce water, the parched earth, and the dwindling livestock. But Petrova’s work extended beyond mere documentation. Recognizing the vulnerability of the data she collected – information crucial for aid organizations and governmental agencies – she implemented a novel approach to data security. Instead of relying on traditional methods, Petrova used a newly developed cryptographic technique, specifically designed to protect sensitive geographic data. This technique, based on homomorphic encryption, allowed authorized researchers to analyze the precise locations of water sources and population settlements without ever decrypting the raw data, thus safeguarding the privacy and security of the communities she photographed. This cryptographic approach, coupled with her powerful imagery, created a unique synergy. The photographs brought the human cost of water scarcity into sharp focus, while the encrypted data provided valuable insights for developing effective water management strategies. Furthermore, the encrypted data could be shared among multiple stakeholders—NGOs, government agencies, and researchers—without compromising the security of the location data, thus facilitating a more collaborative and informed response to the crisis. Petrova's project highlights the transformative potential of combining artistic expression, technological innovation, and a commitment to social responsibility. It demonstrates how advancements in cryptography can be leveraged to protect sensitive information, particularly within vulnerable communities grappling with environmental challenges, thus ensuring ethical and responsible data management. Her work serves as a powerful example of how interdisciplinary approaches can lead to innovative solutions in the face of pressing global issues such as water scarcity.

1. What is the primary purpose of Anya Petrova's project, as described in the passage?

2. Which cryptographic technique did Petrova utilize to protect the geographic data?

3. According to the passage, what is a significant advantage of using the chosen cryptographic technique?

4. The passage suggests that Petrova's approach demonstrates a successful integration of which fields?