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教育制度、貧困、富栄養化対策:絡み合う社会問題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The interconnectedness of seemingly disparate societal issues is a recurring theme in contemporary discussions of sustainable development. Consider, for example, the complex relationship between educational systems, poverty, and eutrophication, a process of excessive nutrient enrichment in bodies of water. While seemingly unrelated, these three factors are inextricably linked in many parts of the world. In impoverished regions, access to quality education is often limited. Lack of funding leads to inadequate resources, poorly trained teachers, and insufficient infrastructure. Consequently, children from disadvantaged backgrounds often receive a substandard education, hindering their future opportunities. This perpetuates a cycle of poverty, limiting their ability to secure well-paying jobs and improve their living conditions. The lack of economic empowerment also contributes to unsustainable environmental practices. For instance, farmers lacking access to information and resources may resort to overusing fertilizers, leading to agricultural runoff and subsequent eutrophication of nearby water bodies. This runoff contaminates water sources, damaging ecosystems and harming human health. Conversely, improved educational systems can play a vital role in alleviating poverty and promoting sustainable environmental stewardship. Education equips individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to secure better employment opportunities, allowing them to escape the poverty trap. Furthermore, education promotes awareness about environmental issues, including the causes and consequences of eutrophication. This knowledge empowers individuals to adopt sustainable agricultural practices, reducing fertilizer use and minimizing environmental damage. Effective environmental policies combined with accessible and quality education become a powerful tool in breaking this vicious cycle. This requires not only financial investment in education and research but also a significant shift in societal priorities, recognizing the long-term benefits of sustainable development. Ultimately, addressing the problem of eutrophication requires a multi-faceted approach that considers its root causes in poverty and unequal access to education. Sustainable solutions must focus on empowering communities through education and economic opportunity, enabling them to implement sustainable agricultural practices and protect their local environments. A holistic approach that tackles poverty, improves educational standards, and implements effective environmental policies is crucial for achieving long-term sustainability.

1. According to the passage, how does inadequate education contribute to eutrophication?

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of poor educational systems in impoverished regions?

3. The passage suggests that a solution to the interconnected problems of poverty, inadequate education, and eutrophication lies in:

4. What is the primary purpose of the passage?