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人権、量子コンピュータ、そして国際協力:複雑化する現代社会の課題」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The confluence of human rights, quantum computing, and international cooperation presents a complex landscape of challenges and opportunities in the 21st century. The rapid advancement of quantum computing, with its potential to revolutionize various fields, also raises significant concerns regarding data privacy and security, directly impacting fundamental human rights. Historically, the struggle for human rights has been marked by periods of progress and setbacks. From the Magna Carta to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the evolution of human rights protections reflects a gradual, yet often contentious, global consensus on fundamental freedoms and dignities. However, the digital age introduces new dimensions to these age-old struggles. The sheer scale of data collection and processing enabled by advanced technologies, including quantum computing, poses unprecedented challenges to the protection of individual privacy and freedom of expression. Quantum computers, with their unparalleled processing power, can potentially break current encryption methods, jeopardizing sensitive personal data and national security. This poses a profound challenge to international cooperation. Building trust and establishing global standards for quantum-resistant cryptography is paramount. International collaboration is not merely desirable; it is essential to mitigate the risks and harness the benefits of this transformative technology. The development of quantum computing is not uniformly distributed across the globe. This uneven distribution exacerbates existing inequalities and raises ethical considerations regarding access to and control of this powerful technology. Furthermore, the potential for misuse of quantum computing for malicious purposes, such as sophisticated cyberattacks or the creation of more destructive weapons, necessitates a proactive and collaborative approach by nations worldwide. Therefore, navigating the complex interplay between human rights, quantum computing, and international cooperation demands a multifaceted strategy. This involves fostering open dialogue, promoting transparent research and development, establishing international norms and regulations, and ensuring equitable access to the benefits of quantum computing while safeguarding fundamental human rights. Only through concerted global efforts can we strive towards a future where technological advancements serve humanity's best interests and uphold the principles of human dignity and freedom.

1. According to the passage, what is a major challenge posed by the advancement of quantum computing?

2. What historical context does the passage use to discuss human rights?

3. What is the passage's main argument regarding international cooperation in the context of quantum computing?

4. What is the author's suggested approach to navigating the challenges mentioned in the passage?