ENGLISH MEBY

経済格差、ゲームキャラクター、そして遺伝子組み換え:未来社会の肖像」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The 21st century presents a complex tapestry of interwoven challenges, none more prominent than the widening gap between the wealthy and the poor. This economic disparity is increasingly reflected in seemingly disparate fields, from the design of video game characters to the ethical considerations surrounding genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Consider the virtual worlds of popular video games. Characters, often reflecting societal ideals and aspirations, frequently exhibit a stark class division. Powerful, well-equipped characters, often the protagonists, tend to originate from privileged backgrounds, while weaker, less developed characters are frequently depicted as marginalized and impoverished. This representation, however subtle, reinforces existing societal biases and normalizes economic inequality. The developers, often unconsciously, mirror the world they inhabit, inadvertently perpetuating the very structures they might intend to critique. The parallels extend to the field of genetic engineering. The potential of GMOs to address global hunger and improve crop yields is undeniable. However, the technology's development and application are often heavily influenced by economic factors. The cost of developing and patenting new GMO seeds frequently places them out of reach for small farmers in developing countries, exacerbating existing inequalities. Ironically, the very technologies designed to alleviate poverty can serve to concentrate wealth and power in the hands of large corporations and wealthy nations. Furthermore, the digital divide, a consequence of economic inequality, further complicates the issue. Access to advanced technologies, such as the internet and the sophisticated computing power needed for genetic research, is not equally distributed. This disparity hinders opportunities for innovation and equitable access to benefits in developing nations, potentially widening the gap even further. The intertwining of these seemingly distinct fields – video game design, genetic engineering, and global economics – highlights a crucial point: technology, while offering unprecedented possibilities, is not inherently neutral. Its development and application are shaped by existing power structures, reinforcing existing inequalities and creating new ones. Addressing the root causes of economic disparity is thus crucial to ensuring that technological advancements serve the benefit of all humanity, not just a privileged few.

1. According to the passage, how do video game characters reflect economic inequality?

2. What is a significant problem related to GMOs, as mentioned in the passage?

3. What is the main point the author is trying to convey about technology?

4. The term "digital divide" in the passage refers to: