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尊厳保持権、健康データ、そしてサイバー攻撃:現代社会のジレンマ」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

The right to dignity is a cornerstone of human rights, encompassing the respect for an individual's autonomy and worth. In the digital age, however, this right faces unprecedented challenges, particularly concerning the security and privacy of sensitive health data. The increasing reliance on electronic health records (EHRs) and wearable health trackers offers numerous benefits, such as improved healthcare efficiency and personalized medicine. However, this interconnectedness exposes individuals to significant risks, most notably cyberattacks. Cyberattacks targeting health data can have devastating consequences. Stolen medical information can lead to identity theft, financial fraud, and discrimination. Furthermore, the breach of sensitive health data, such as mental health records or genetic information, can cause irreparable emotional harm and stigmatization. Beyond the individual level, large-scale data breaches can undermine public trust in healthcare systems and institutions, leading to decreased healthcare utilization and hindering the advancement of medical research. Protecting the dignity of individuals in the face of these threats requires a multi-pronged approach. Stronger data security measures, including robust encryption and regular security audits, are crucial. Moreover, regulations and legislation need to be strengthened to ensure accountability and transparency regarding the handling of health data. Informed consent, empowering individuals to control their own data, is paramount. Education and awareness initiatives are also vital to help individuals understand the risks and take protective measures. Ultimately, the balance between harnessing the benefits of technology in healthcare and safeguarding individual dignity hinges on responsible data governance and a commitment to ethical practices.

1. According to the passage, what is the primary challenge to the right to dignity in the digital age?

2. What is one of the potential consequences of a cyberattack targeting health data?

3. What is NOT mentioned as a crucial aspect of protecting individual dignity in the context of health data?

4. The passage suggests that the balance between technological advancement in healthcare and safeguarding individual dignity depends on: