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共生社会における深層学習と市民社会の役割」の英語長文問題

以下の英文を読み、設問に答えなさい。

Symbiosis, deep learning, and civil society are increasingly intertwined in the 21st century. Technological advancements, particularly in artificial intelligence (AI), are rapidly transforming our world, presenting both unprecedented opportunities and significant challenges for building truly inclusive and sustainable societies. Deep learning, a subset of AI, is revolutionizing various sectors, from healthcare and finance to transportation and environmental monitoring. Its ability to analyze vast datasets and identify complex patterns offers immense potential for addressing societal problems. For instance, deep learning algorithms can analyze medical images with remarkable accuracy, aiding in early disease detection and improving treatment outcomes. They can also optimize energy consumption in smart cities, contributing to environmental sustainability. However, the deployment of deep learning technologies raises ethical concerns. Bias in training data can perpetuate and amplify existing societal inequalities. For example, facial recognition systems trained primarily on images of individuals from one demographic group may perform poorly on others, leading to misidentification and discrimination. Civil society plays a crucial role in navigating these complexities. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community groups, and other civil society actors can advocate for responsible AI development and deployment. They can promote transparency and accountability in algorithmic decision-making, ensuring that AI systems are used ethically and equitably. Furthermore, they can educate the public about the potential benefits and risks of deep learning, fostering informed discussions and participatory decision-making processes. Civil society's engagement is essential for ensuring that technological advancements serve the common good and contribute to a more just and equitable society. A symbiotic relationship between technological innovation and civil society is necessary to harness the transformative potential of deep learning while mitigating its risks. The challenge lies in creating a framework where technological progress benefits all members of society, regardless of their background or circumstances. This requires collaborative efforts from researchers, policymakers, and civil society to establish guidelines, regulations, and ethical frameworks that promote responsible innovation and address potential harms.

1. According to the passage, what is a primary ethical concern regarding the use of deep learning technologies?

2. What role does the passage suggest civil society should play in addressing the challenges posed by deep learning?

3. The passage emphasizes the importance of a symbiotic relationship between which two entities?

4. What is the central challenge highlighted in the passage's concluding sentence?